Gene Panel Sequencing Service

What Are WGS, WES, and Gene Panel Sequencing?

Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS), Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), and Gene Panel Sequencing are three widely used next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches, each designed for different research objectives.

• Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) analyzes the complete genome, including both coding and non-coding regions.
• Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) focuses only on protein-coding regions (exons), where most known disease-associated variants are found.
• Gene Panel Sequencing targets a selected group of genes associated with specific diseases, pathways, or biological functions, providing deep sequencing coverage with high sensitivity.

WGS vs WES vs Gene Panel Sequencing

Each sequencing strategy offers unique advantages depending on your research goals.

Feature	Gene Panel	Whole Exome Sequencing	Whole Genome Sequencing
Target Region	Selected genes	All coding regions	Entire genome
Coverage Depth	Very High	High	Moderate
Cost	Low	Moderate	Higher
Data Volume	Low	Moderate	High
Best For	Targeted mutation studies	Disease gene discovery	Comprehensive genome analysis

Why Is Sequencing Depth Important?

Sequencing depth determines how many times a genomic region is read during sequencing. Greater coverage improves the accuracy of detecting genetic variants, particularly rare mutations and low-frequency mosaic variants.

High sequencing depth offers several advantages:

• Improves confidence in variant detection
• Reduces false-positive and false-negative results
• Enhances detection of low-frequency and mosaic variants
• Provides better coverage across difficult genomic regions
• Increases reliability in clinical and research applications

Gene Panel Sequencing generally provides the highest sequencing depth because it targets a limited number of genes, making it highly effective for detecting rare genetic variants.

Choosing Between WGS, WES, and Gene Panels

The best sequencing approach depends on your research objectives.

• Choose Gene Panel Sequencing when investigating known disease genes or specific biological pathways.
• Choose Whole Exome Sequencing for discovering coding-region variants across the genome while maintaining a balance between cost and coverage.
• Choose Whole Genome Sequencing for comprehensive analysis of coding and non-coding regions, structural variants, and genome-wide genetic variation.

Our Gene Panel Sequencing Services

N2Jenomics Lab Pvt. Ltd. provides both pre-designed and custom Gene Panel Sequencing services using advanced target enrichment and next-generation sequencing technologies. Our solutions deliver accurate, high-depth sequencing for targeted genomic research across a wide range of applications.

• RNA Sequencing Panels

Targeted RNA sequencing enables sensitive analysis of gene expression, transcript variants, and gene fusions, even from challenging sample types such as FFPE or cfRNA.

• Exome Sequencing Panels

Targeted exome panels provide deep coverage of disease-associated genes, enabling accurate detection of pathogenic variants while reducing sequencing cost and analysis time.

• Targeted Methylation Panels

Our methylation sequencing panels utilize bisulfite-based target enrichment to accurately profile DNA methylation in genomic DNA, cell-free DNA, and other sample types.

Why Choose Our Gene Panel Sequencing?

• High Accuracy

Deep sequencing delivers highly reliable variant detection with excellent analytical performance.

• Targeted Capture

Optimized probe design ensures efficient enrichment of target genes and genomic regions.

• Flexible Customization

Custom panels can be designed for disease-specific genes, pathways, biomarkers, or research applications.

• High Throughput

Simultaneous analysis of hundreds to thousands of genes in a single sequencing run reduces turnaround time and overall project cost.

Applications of Gene Panel Sequencing

Our targeted sequencing solutions support a broad range of research applications, including:

• Disease gene discovery
• Cancer genomics and precision oncology
• Rare disease research
• Population and evolutionary genetics
• Pharmacogenomics
• Functional genomics
• Biomarker identification
• Mutation screening and validation

Gene Panel Sequencing Workflow

Sample Collection → DNA/RNA Extraction → Library Preparation → Target Enrichment → High-Throughput Sequencing → Data Quality Control → Variant Detection → Functional Annotation → Comprehensive Report

Sample Requirements

Sample Type	Recommended Requirement
Genomic DNA	≥0.5 µg, ≥10 ng/µL
Tissue	10–30 mg
Whole Blood	0.5–2 mL

DNA Quality: Samples should have an OD260/280 ratio of approximately 1.8–2.0, be RNase-treated, and free from degradation or contamination.

Sequencing Platforms

We support multiple sequencing technologies, including:

• Illumina
• MGI DNBSEQ
• Ion Torrent
• PacBio HiFi
• Oxford Nanopore

Recommended sequencing depth is typically 100× or higher, depending on the application and panel design.

Bioinformatics Analysis

Our end-to-end bioinformatics workflow includes:

• Raw data quality assessment
• Adapter trimming and filtering
• Reference genome alignment
• Variant calling (SNVs & InDels)
• Functional annotation
• Pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis
• Customized downstream analyses upon request

Deliverables

Each project includes comprehensive deliverables tailored to your study:

• Raw sequencing data (FASTQ)
• Alignment files (BAM)
• Variant files (VCF)
• Quality control and bioinformatics reports
• Functional annotation results
• Graphical summaries and project documentation

1. What is the difference between a small gene panel and a large gene panel?

A small gene panel targets a limited set of genes associated with specific diseases or biological pathways, making it ideal for focused studies. A large gene panel analyzes hundreds to thousands of genes, enabling broader investigation of disease mechanisms, biomarkers, hereditary risk, and therapeutic targets.

2. How does Gene Panel Sequencing differ from Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS)?

Gene Panel Sequencing examines selected genes or genomic regions of interest, providing deeper coverage and a cost-effective solution for targeted studies. Whole Genome Sequencing analyzes the complete genome, including both coding and non-coding regions, offering a comprehensive view of genetic variation.

3. How do I choose the right gene panel?

The optimal panel depends on your research objectives, target genes, disease area, and species of interest. Our genomics experts can help you select or customize a panel that best matches your study requirements.